让我们一起学习家电中电子部分的要求吧

nellhu

广东安规检测
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今年的一个学习计划是加强自己电子部分的知识，目标是：能完全理解电子部分的要求，给出一些建议！我个人的能力有限，但是好在有专业人才可以帮助我。
3 t; s/ n0 [+ s
我希望建立一个平台，大家一起学习，讨论和进步！
3 L8 j* g& p. q% Y; @5 g( \
所以，各位有什么问题可以提出来，如果是电路，尽量提供！我将尽力解答，如果不能解答的，我将咨询专家！

$ L4 R7 d1 U( M) u/ D) I& @' y备注：在此不讨论EMC

nellhu

好像大家都没有兴趣，这样我来抛砖引玉！
" C* i; r7 Z( @- e3 U' ~: E1 S7 B
Protective imdependance(保护阻抗）是我们经常看到的，但是你理解吗？
$ m) Y* r$ ~& G; t, ?( g
6 n- p# u3 ]4 B% ?7 X. fdefinition:
protective impedance
impedance connected between live parts and accessible conductive parts of class II
constructions so that the current, in normal use and under likely fault conditions in the
0 g3 g# ~# \8 n$ y3 ^8 v( u  k; l( Uappliance, is limited to a safe value
/ A* R+ j" W3 \* h7 R: {# p
8.1.4
8.1.4 An accessible part is not considered to be live if or
– the part is separated from live parts by protective impedance.
4 }. O' z  e, s) T% H& ~) `0 OIf protective impedance is used, the current between the part and the supply source shall
2 U% r" k9 x! F, |. P* d' L" }& Onot exceed 2 mA for d.c., its peak value shall not exceed 0,7 mA for a.c. and
– for voltages having a peak value over 42,4 V up to and including 450 V, the capacitance
2 s; J* R; q/ C1 v+ j  C5 o% Jshall not exceed 0,1 μF,
– for voltages having a peak value over 450 V up to and including 15 kV, the discharge shall
not exceed 45 μC,
– for voltages having a peak value over 15 kV, the energy in the discharge shall not exceed
350 mJ.
' ]2 o# i, D5 S5 LCompliance is checked by measurement, the appliance being supplied at rated voltage.
! }: m4 Z6 C/ H; e: ZVoltages and currents are measured between the relevant parts and each pole of the supply
source. Discharges are measured immediately after the interruption of the supply. The
4 m+ }' ~8 W% Nquantity of electricity and energy in the discharge is measured using a resistor having a
nominal non-inductive resistance of 2 000 Ω.
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, z2 f' V& d8 z; M- D$ x  e  GCl13.1
Protective impedance and radio interference filters are disconnected before carrying out the
tests.
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) {  r- V. Z# _/ ^( g, x3 @Cl16.1
Protective impedance is disconnected from live parts before carrying out the tests.

Cl22.27
22.27 Parts connected by protective impedance shall be separated by double insulation
$ K6 S8 A/ t1 r6 {7 f5 v0 e0 W' a5 {or reinforced insulation.
/ P' [7 l6 I, p) X' z+ t, P$ L  ~Compliance is checked by the tests specified for double insulation or reinforced insulation

5 {+ k3 c+ M& S8 HCl22.37
22.37 For class II appliances, capacitors shall not be connected to accessible metal parts
7 b7 a; O3 t/ ]8 dand their casings, if of metal, shall be separated from accessible metal parts by
; _" x+ k/ l9 V* K9 r- c5 ?+ q+ ]5 hsupplementary insulation.
This requirement does not apply to capacitors complying with the requirements for protective
, C/ ]2 C/ U8 T4 h# f; k& ?impedance specified in 22.42.

7 R& U: \( [' @Cl22.42
22.42 Protective impedance shall consist of at least two separate components whose
impedance is unlikely to change significantly during the lifetime of the appliance. If any one of
the components is short-circuited or open-circuited the values specified in 8.1.4 shall not be
% y& n/ C7 F7 p$ D0 K- {1 v9 V6 W% Fexceeded.
NOTE Resistors complying with test a) of subclause 14.1 of IEC 60065 and class Y capacitors complying with
IEC 60384-14 are considered to be components having a sufficiently stable impedance.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by measurement.
' f6 G; w/ o' n# F
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
这么多的要求中，你碰到过什么样的案例？是怎样评估和解决的？ 一起拿出来分享吧！

nellhu

案例1：

6 T6 |- {( e! e1 F* ^8 c带有离子发生器的产品，大家接触过吗？ 比如风筒，直发器等！ 在安规中，该部件怎样评估？
假定该负离子没有认可，在实际的产品中怎样评估？ 那些条款需要考虑？
如果该元件已经认可了，我们又该怎样看？

2 S1 T* {" L/ K已经认可的情况比较简单，看power 等参数就可以是否适用。没有认可的情况，我们需要考虑：
4 t8 `& ~* V6 U( j0 C  r0 `1。 将该不部件当带电部件，则要要满足爬电距离和电气间隙的要求，可是通常这样的产品产生的高压高达数千V,这样爬电距离的要求都很高（几十mm).一般的产品在结构上很难满足。
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$ z- |7 N) a$ N2。 按照对Protective impedance 对该部件随机测试，则满足要求
0 D; q0 E7 n9 ]' u) G a.   8.1.4
  b. 22.42
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: ~+ K4 a! t. X2 }0 t: {+ t3。从电路上初步检查判定它是否符合基本要求，即：
! }" W/ Q* }% x+ e/ _4 v
1) 是否满足22.42的要求，看图1
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2) 怎样看该电路，哪两个元件作Protective impedance ?

, d& a  b$ J6 P% y% M1 q& q再看以下的电路，和上面一个相比，哪个可能满足22.42的要求？

weldo

这样就OK？

nellhu

3。 针对13和16章中，提到的断开保护阻抗和无线电干扰滤波器，你有留意到吗？ 下面的电路的产品怎样测量泄漏电流？

nellhu

没有人看得话，我就停止了！

蓝紫娴

支持支持，楼主一定要坚持啊，我觉得电子线路这块是比较难懂，我希望从中多学点知识，加油加油。。。。

jiang2007

电子部分在学习中，楼主多说些。

william.ye

哈哈
大家都不是很懂这个
虽然我是学电子的
但是看上去还是有点吃力的

03411007

做结构的  支持下