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写作小窍门   
   
   
   段落概论   
解说
   
段落是由结构合理，内容密切相关，表达同一个中心思想的句子群组成，文章由结构严谨，逻辑合理，安排有序的段落组成，可见段落是文章的基本单位。

规范的段落通常由三个部份组成。主题句是段落的纲领，表达段落的中心思想。发展句是段落的主要组成部份，通过一系列细节围绕主题进行描述和说明。结尾句标志着全段的终结，既是该段的总结，又是下一段落主旨的伏笔。

段落的长短以能充分发展主题为宜，通常取决于主题的复杂程度，段落展开方式，也考虑读者的年龄，兴趣爱好，受教育程度等。从字数讲，长段指超过 300 个词的段落，不到 100 词的算短段。初学者最好不要写长段，防止因过长主题失控。

段落的基本特点:

1. 目的性:
文章由几个段落组成，每一段落都要有自己的主旨，这些主旨都必须为全文服务。

2. 完整性:
每个段落表达一个相对独*立完整的意思，段落本身要成为一个有机的整体。

3. 单一性:
规范的段落一般只有一个明确的主题，即只有唯一主题，段落中的其他句子都应围绕该主题句发展，不能把几层相对独*立的意思挤在同一段里。

4. 连贯性:
段落由句子组成，句子间存在着紧密的逻辑关系。段内各句要按照一个清晰的合乎逻辑的顺序围绕段落主题一步步加以展开，叙述要顺畅，转折要自然，结构要紧凑，衔接要连贯。
     
范例
   
例1. ( 短段 )

I had a terrible morning today. I slept so late that I did not have time to eat any breakfast. I tripped over a curb on my way to my political science class and tore my raincoat. In the middle of class, I discovered I had left my physics assignments in my locker. At the end of class, the professor would not let me go to lunch on time. I had not turned in my assignments, and he wanted to talk over this problem with me.

例2. ( 长段 )

Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Early in the 1900's, most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was lined on both sides with many varied businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered services. These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe-repair stores, and barber or hair-dressing shops. But in the 1950's, a change began to take place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street. Too few parking places were available to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car-driving customers needed. And open space is what they got when the first shopping center was built. Shopping centers, or malls, started as a collection of small new stores built away from congested city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking spaces, customers were drawn away from downtown areas to the outlying malls. And the growing popularity of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better-stocked stores. By the late 1970's, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the convenience of one-stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment. For example, one of the most spectacular shopping malls is the Galleria in Houston, Texas. Inside the Galleria, dozens of shops face balconies that rise for several stories above a floor-level indoor ice skating rink. Some of Houston's best restaurants are also here. Atop the whole mammoth structure is a soaring new hotel. The Galleria, and other imaginative shopping centers throughout the United States, have led a magazine to title its recent leading article "The Malling of America."

例3.

It goes without saying that the time at our disposal is very limited.( 主题句 ) Hence, even an hour is extremely precious.( 发展句 ) We should make full use of our time to do useful things.( 发展句 ) As students we must not relax our efforts to engage in our studies so as to serve society and our nation in the future.( 结论句 )

zkx2007

刚看开头我还以为说的是汉语作文...